{"id":3379,"date":"2025-12-01T15:07:02","date_gmt":"2025-12-01T14:07:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/spoleksalamoun.com\/?p=3379"},"modified":"2025-12-01T15:07:03","modified_gmt":"2025-12-01T14:07:03","slug":"kdyz-pachatel-vrazdy-spacha-po-22-dnech-na-svobode-dalsi-vrazdu-systemovy-problem-nebo-tragicke-selhani-predikce-rizika","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/spoleksalamoun.com\/en\/2025\/12\/01\/kdyz-pachatel-vrazdy-spacha-po-22-dnech-na-svobode-dalsi-vrazdu-systemovy-problem-nebo-tragicke-selhani-predikce-rizika\/","title":{"rendered":"Kdy\u017e pachatel vra\u017edy sp\u00e1ch\u00e1 po 22 dnech na svobod\u011b dal\u0161\u00ed vra\u017edu: syst\u00e9mov\u00fd probl\u00e9m, nebo tragick\u00e9 selh\u00e1n\u00ed predikce rizika?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>M\u00e9dia dnes informuj\u00ed o \u0161okuj\u00edc\u00edm p\u0159\u00edpadu mu\u017ee ozna\u010dovan\u00e9ho z d\u016fvodu GDPR jako \u201ePatrik C.\u201c, kter\u00fd m\u011bl sp\u00e1chat dal\u0161\u00ed vra\u017edu pouh\u00fdch <strong>22 dn\u00ed<\/strong> po sv\u00e9m podm\u00edn\u011bn\u00e9m propu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed z v\u00fdkonu trestu odn\u011bt\u00ed svobody. A nejde o jak\u00fdkoli trest. Tento pachatel si odpyk\u00e1val <strong>16,5 roku<\/strong> za vra\u017edu sp\u00e1chanou v <strong>kv\u011btnu 2014<\/strong>. K \u010dinu se tehdy p\u0159iznal, neodvolal se a trest za\u010dal b\u011b\u017eet ji\u017e od vazby, tedy od jara 2014.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Z hlediska z\u00e1kona lze o propu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed uva\u017eovat po v\u00fdkonu <strong>dvou t\u0159etin trestu<\/strong>. V tomto p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b jde o aritmeticky jednozna\u010dn\u00fd \u00fadaj:<br><strong>16,5 roku \u2192 2\/3 = 11 let.<\/strong><br>To znamen\u00e1, \u017ee hranice pro mo\u017en\u00e9 podm\u00edn\u011bn\u00e9 propu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed p\u0159ipadla na <strong>kv\u011bten 2025<\/strong>. K propu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed skute\u010dn\u011b do\u0161lo \u2013 a druh\u00e1 vra\u017eda byla podle m\u00e9di\u00ed sp\u00e1ch\u00e1na <strong>26. listopadu 2025<\/strong>, tedy jen <strong>22 dn\u00ed pot\u00e9, co mu\u017e opustil br\u00e1ny v\u011bznice<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A pr\u00e1v\u011b t\u011bchto 22 dn\u00ed p\u0159edstavuje fundament\u00e1ln\u00ed probl\u00e9m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Podm\u00edn\u011bn\u00e9 propu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed nen\u00ed pr\u00e1vn\u00ed automatismus. Je to proces, jeho\u017e naprosto esenci\u00e1ln\u00edmi podm\u00ednkami jsou:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>prok\u00e1zan\u00e1 resocializace<\/strong>,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>p\u0159\u00edzniv\u00e1 progn\u00f3za veden\u00ed \u0159\u00e1dn\u00e9ho \u017eivota<\/strong>,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>z\u00e1ruka, \u017ee na svobod\u011b bude \u017e\u00edt bez p\u00e1ch\u00e1n\u00ed trestn\u00e9 \u010dinnosti<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>Pokud pachatel zvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 z\u00e1va\u017en\u00e9ho zlo\u010dinu \u2013 vra\u017edy \u2013 po 11 letech odpykan\u00e9ho trestu vyjde na svobodu a do t\u0159\u00ed t\u00fddn\u016f sp\u00e1ch\u00e1 vra\u017edu prakticky toto\u017en\u00e9ho charakteru, je zcela legitimn\u00ed se pt\u00e1t:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Jak\u00e9 kontroln\u00ed mechanismy selhaly?<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Jak byl posouzen jeho rizikov\u00fd profil?<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Jak\u00fd konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed z\u00e1v\u011br uvedl soud o jeho progn\u00f3ze \u0159\u00e1dn\u00e9ho \u017eivota?<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Byla provedena odborn\u00e1 rizikov\u00e1 diagnostika, \u010di \u0161lo jen o form\u00e1ln\u00ed spln\u011bn\u00ed podm\u00ednek?<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Je zcela pravda, \u017ee <strong>neexistuje kolektivn\u00ed vina<\/strong>.<br>Je nespr\u00e1vn\u00e9 tvrdit, \u017ee ka\u017ed\u00fd pachatel vra\u017edy, kter\u00fd \u017e\u00e1d\u00e1 o podm\u00edn\u011bn\u00e9 propu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed, p\u0159edstavuje automaticky vysok\u00e9 riziko. Statisticky se v\u011bt\u0161ina odsouzen\u00fdch za vra\u017edy <strong>na svobodu nevrac\u00ed recidivou n\u00e1siln\u00e9 trestn\u00e9 \u010dinnosti<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>P\u0159esto m\u00e1me v tomto konkr\u00e9tn\u00edm p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b <strong>v\u00edce ne\u017e d\u016fvodn\u00e9 podez\u0159en\u00ed<\/strong>, \u017ee:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>selhala <strong>predikce nebezpe\u010dnosti<\/strong>,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>selhaly <strong>hodnotic\u00ed mechanismy ve v\u011bznici<\/strong>,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>selhala <strong>opatrnost p\u0159i posuzov\u00e1n\u00ed \u017e\u00e1dosti o podm\u00edn\u011bn\u00e9 propu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed<\/strong>,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>a \u017ee se p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh, kter\u00fd m\u011bl b\u00fdt \u00fasp\u011bchem resocializace, zm\u011bnil v trag\u00e9dii, kter\u00e1 bude m\u00edt dopad i na statistiky v\u011bznice M\u00edrov, je\u017e bude tento p\u0159\u00edpad logicky evidovat jako ne\u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00e9 podm\u00edn\u011bn\u00e9 propu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Z pohledu syst\u00e9mu je to alarmuj\u00edc\u00ed sign\u00e1l.<br>Nikoli proto, \u017ee by ka\u017ed\u00fd pachatel v\u011bt\u0161iny trest\u016f p\u0159edstavoval riziko recidivy.<br>Ale proto, \u017ee pokud pachatel vra\u017edy zopakuje prakticky tot\u00e9\u017e jedn\u00e1n\u00ed po <strong>pouh\u00fdch 22 dnech<\/strong>, pak hodnotic\u00ed proces \u2013 by\u0165 form\u00e1ln\u011b spr\u00e1vn\u00fd \u2013 <strong>neodhalil z\u00e1sadn\u00ed rizikov\u00fd faktor<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Je proto nam\u00edst\u011b otev\u0159\u00edt odbornou diskusi o tom:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>zda jsou st\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed diagnostick\u00e9 metody pro posouzen\u00ed rizika n\u00e1siln\u00e9 recidivy dostate\u010dn\u00e9,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>zda jsou programy resocializace u pachatel\u016f zvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 z\u00e1va\u017en\u00e9 n\u00e1siln\u00e9 trestn\u00e9 \u010dinnosti efektivn\u00ed,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>a zda by soudy nem\u011bly p\u0159i podm\u00edn\u011bn\u00e9m propu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed pachatel\u016f vra\u017ed vy\u017eadovat mnohem vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed standard jistoty ne\u017e dnes.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>A\u0165 tak \u010di onak \u2013 tento p\u0159\u00edpad ukazuje n\u011bco velmi jednoduch\u00e9ho:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Jedna trag\u00e9die m\u016f\u017ee sta\u010dit k tomu, aby bylo nutn\u00e9 cel\u00fd syst\u00e9m znovu prov\u011b\u0159it.<\/strong><br><br><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>M\u00e9dia dnes informuj\u00ed o \u0161okuj\u00edc\u00edm p\u0159\u00edpadu mu\u017ee ozna\u010dovan\u00e9ho z d\u016fvodu GDPR jako \u201ePatrik C.\u201c, kter\u00fd m\u011bl sp\u00e1chat dal\u0161\u00ed vra\u017edu pouh\u00fdch [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":3380,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_eb_attr":"","site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center 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